ABSTRACT
Persistent urogenital sinus [PUGS] is a rare anomaly whereby the urinary and genital tracts fail to separate during embryonic development. We report a three-year-old female child who was referred to the Sabah Women and Children Hospital, Sabah, Malaysia, in 2016 with a pelvic mass. She had been born prematurely at 36 gestational weeks via spontaneous vaginal delivery in 2013 and initially misdiagnosed with neurogenic bladder dysfunction. The external genitalia appeared normal and an initial sonogram and repeat micturating cystourethrograms did not indicate any urogenital anomalies. She therefore underwent clean intermittent catheterisation. Three years later, the diagnosis was corrected following the investigation of a persistent cystic mass posterior to the bladder. At this time, a clinical examination of the perineum showed a single opening into the introitus. Magnetic resonance imaging of the pelvis revealed gross hydrocolpos and a genitogram confirmed a diagnosis of PUGS, for which the patient underwent surgical separation of the urinary and genital tracts
ABSTRACT
A retrospective case series was conducted to determine the clinical characteristics and bronchoscopy findings of children with foreign body aspiration in Paediatric Institute, Hospital Kuala Lumpur. Ten boys and two girls were included (range 2-177 months; median 26 months old). They commonly presented with cough (12 / 100%) and difficulty in breathing (9 / 75%). All patients had unilateral auscultatory findings and the commonest radiographic findings were unilateral hyperinflation (7 / 58.3%). The majority of foreign bodies removed was organic (8 / 66.6%) and more frequently found in the left bronchial tree (7 / 58.3%). Major complications were pneumonia (11 / 91.6%) and airway oedema (11 / 91.6%). Eight patients had delayed diagnosis due to parents unawareness (6 / 50%) and missed diagnosis (2 / 16.7%)